2000: Here we come again!
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    #SecretHistory of 2000.
    How we are about to see a repeat of 2000. 
     
    AI is a bubble in hardware. But AI has still not started.
     
    What you see below is market cap of Cisco over last three decades. At the time of dot com boom, CISCO briefly became world's most valuable company. 
     
    As you can see it had market cap of nearly $387 B in March 2000.
     
    Internet was kind of in play since 1995. But truly it took off in 2000 after companies sighed relief after Y2K.
     
    CISCO was truly the connection to Internet and possibly only connection even though TCP/IP protocol on which the Internet runs is open.
     
    When the gold rush started CISCO was the seller for the shovels and other tools needed by the prospectors. So, there was a bubble.
     
    So, after reaching its zenith, in March 2000 Cisco started its descent. This is classic bubble going bust. As hardware manufacturer Cisco could produce cutting edge products and lowest cost only for some time before the competition was on its heel. I remember John Chambers being the darling of the press just like Jensen Huang of NVDA now.
     
    Fast forward to 2024 we are seeing exactly same bubble in NVDA. The company briefly went to $3T and became world's most valuable company just like Cisco did in April 2000 and exactly for the same reasons.
     
    NVDA has 88% monopoly in GPUs and likely positioned itself nicely because of two historical reasons.
     
    The crypto currency and block chain was considered a fad by other players whereas NVDA took the bait. But then CUDA happened which allowed all software engineers access to parallel execution that speeded up tensor calculations which were how the machine learning, deep learning applications achieved speed.
     
    AI has been there for 50 odd years. But the advent of transformers moved this away from NLP which had been stuck in the region of no progress for two decades and AI took off. This is where NVDA came in. CUDA was the horse for the NVDA cart. AI was the destination.
     
    This is very similar to companies suddenly jumping on to the bandwagon of Internet immediately after Y2K. Everyone wanted to be there, and CISCO was the only horse cart. Today every company wants to use the AI for strategic advantage and cost cutting. And NVDA GPUs are till recently in high demand and there is bubble.
     
    But just like what happened to Cisco, NVDA as a hardware play will lose its pole position.
    Specifically, there are newer approaches. When usage of tensors became more ubiquitous, companies like Google built own custom tensor processing units called TPUs. Grok, I hear is fast because of its own custom chip like solution which they call LPU. So sooner or later NVDA will lose its uniqueness as other hardware companies catch up.
    CISCO lost its uniqueness in approximately two years and dropped to 13 percent of its hay day value in September 2002. NVDA too will follow similar trajectory.
     
    Please do not get me wrong. We have not even seen proverbial tip of iceberg for AI. I have seen most insane, proverbial earth shattering never before seen wave coming for AI. We will have companies whose valuations will far outstrip the $10T in this cycle. Just like the Internet in 2000 had hardware company Cisco reaching valuation of $387 B in 2000 and the later software plays using Internet easily broke this valuation figure with MSFT, META breaking $1T barrier with pure software play and AMZN and AAPL breaking it by mixed play with software being the reason to scale. We truly are at the very beginning of AI wave. But first bubble has to pop. 
    AI Based Solution for Content Stealing by the Platforms
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    Proposal for a Copyright Protection and Licensing Platform

    Overview

    This proposal outlines the architecture and functionality of a platform designed to protect content creators from unauthorized use of their work. The platform will facilitate the registration of content, automatic issuance of copyright, and the management of takedown notices and licensing fees. The goal is to provide a robust system backed by government support to ensure small content creators can protect and monetize their work effectively.

    Objectives

    1. Automated Copyright Issuance: Allow creators to register and obtain copyright for their content automatically.
    2. Content Monitoring: Monitor various platforms for unauthorized use of registered content.
    3. Takedown Mechanism: Automatically issue DMCA takedown notices when unauthorized use is detected.
    4. Licensing and Compensation: Assess and collect licensing fees for views accumulated after a takedown notice is issued.
    5. Government Support: Collaborate with government agencies to provide legal backing and support to content creators.

    Architecture

    1. User Registration and Content Upload:

      • Creators register on the platform and upload their content.
      • Metadata about the content (e.g., title, description, tags) is collected.

    2. Automated Copyright Issuance:

      • Upon upload, the content is automatically registered for copyright.
      • A unique identifier and timestamp are generated for each piece of content.

    3. Content Monitoring System:

      • Implement web crawlers and APIs to monitor platforms like Twitter, YouTube, Facebook, and other social media sites.
      • Use advanced algorithms (e.g., hash matching, image recognition, video fingerprinting) to detect unauthorized copies of the content.

    4. Takedown Notice System:

      • Once unauthorized use is detected, the system automatically generates and sends DMCA takedown notices to the relevant platforms.
      • Maintain a log of all notices sent and track the compliance status of each platform.

    5. Licensing and Compensation Module:

      • Track the number of views and engagements the unauthorized content receives after the takedown notice is issued.
      • Calculate licensing fees based on a pre-determined rate and the duration the content was available.
      • Invoice the offending party and collect fees on behalf of the content creator.

    6. Government Collaboration:

      • Partner with government agencies to provide legal support and ensure compliance with copyright laws.
      • Advocate for policies that protect small content creators and streamline the takedown process.

    Implementation Plan

    1. Phase 1: Platform Development

      • Design and develop the core platform, including user registration, content upload, and copyright issuance.
      • Implement the content monitoring system and integrate with major social media platforms.

    2. Phase 2: Takedown and Licensing Module

      • Develop the takedown notice system and ensure it complies with DMCA regulations.
      • Build the licensing and compensation module to track views and calculate fees.

    3. Phase 3: Government Partnerships

      • Engage with government agencies to seek support and legal backing.
      • Develop a framework for collaboration and streamline the enforcement of copyright laws.

    4. Phase 4: Launch and User Onboarding

      • Launch the platform and initiate a marketing campaign to attract content creators.
      • Provide educational resources and support to help users understand and utilize the platform effectively.

    Benefits

    • For Content Creators: Ensures their work is protected and they are fairly compensated for unauthorized use.
    • For Platforms: Provides a clear and automated process for handling DMCA takedown requests.
    • For Government: Supports the protection of intellectual property and promotes a fair digital economy.

    Conclusion

    This platform aims to empower content creators by providing a comprehensive solution to protect their work, automate the enforcement of copyright laws, and ensure fair compensation. By leveraging technology and government support, we can create a safer and more equitable environment for all content creators.

    Buddha teaching Pramana
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    What I am describing is the Pramana principle which was used by Buddha avatar of Shri Vishnu. Even though I refer Buddhist to describe this reasoning for making it easier on the western audience, this Pramana principle has been purely Indian or Bharathiya tradition. 
    Unfortunately, during Islamic Invasion this school bore the brunt of invaders and their wicked fetish of burning libraries and this school of Buddhist Reasoning went into decline. Given new discoveries in conscience many of the postulates from this school are now tested. 
    This article is a brief summary of the concepts and has reference at the end. 
     

    Buddhist Reasoning: A Journey Through Pramāṇa and Hetu-vidya

    Buddhist reasoning, rooted in the ancient principles of pramāṇa (valid cognition) and hetu-vidya (reasoning or logic), represents a significant intellectual tradition within Buddhism. This tradition, notably developed by the scholars Dignaga and Dharmakirti between the 5th and 7th centuries, has left a profound legacy that continues to influence Buddhist thought and practice.

    The Historical Buddha's Engagement with Reasoning

    The historical Buddha, as depicted in early Buddhist texts, demonstrated a keen awareness of logical principles and epistemological issues. He employed certain rules of reasoning during debates and discussions with his opponents, showcasing an early form of Buddhist reasoning. While the Buddha did not establish a formal system of logic and epistemology, his use of these principles laid the groundwork for future developments in Buddhist philosophical thought.

    Early Systematization in Theravada Buddhism

    The Theravada tradition, particularly through the text Kathāvatthu, made early efforts to systematize logical discussion within Buddhism. Kathāvatthu includes rules on debate and reasoning, reflecting an initial attempt to formalize logical principles in Buddhist discourse.

    Vasubandhu's Contributions

    The first Buddhist thinker to systematically address logical and epistemic issues was Vasubandhu. In his work Vāda-vidhi (A Method for Argumentation), Vasubandhu laid the foundational concepts that would later be expanded upon by subsequent scholars. His efforts marked the beginning of a more structured approach to Buddhist logic and epistemology.

    Dignaga: The Pioneer of Buddhist Logic

    Dignaga (c. 480–540 CE) is credited with founding a mature system of Buddhist logic and epistemology. His seminal work, the Pramāṇa-samuccaya, established key concepts and methodologies for valid cognition and reasoning in Buddhism. Dignaga's system emphasized the importance of pramāṇas (means of knowledge) in determining the validity of cognition and set the stage for future advancements in Buddhist epistemological thought.

    Dharmakirti's Innovations

    Dharmakirti further developed Dignaga's system, introducing several innovations that enhanced the framework of Buddhist logic and epistemology. His magnum opus, the Pramanavarttika (Commentary on Valid Cognition), became a cornerstone of Buddhist philosophical literature. Dharmakirti's work not only influenced later Buddhist scholars but also impacted numerous Hindu thinkers, showcasing the intermingling of philosophical traditions in ancient India.

    Influence and Legacy

    The system of reasoning and epistemology developed by Dignaga and Dharmakirti remained the dominant framework for Buddhist thought in India until the decline of Buddhism in the region. Their contributions also became foundational in Tibetan Buddhism, where their works are still studied and revered today. Dharmakirti's influence, in particular, is evident in the rigorous logical and epistemological training that is a hallmark of Tibetan Buddhist education.

    Conclusion

    Buddhist reasoning, as developed by Dignaga and Dharmakirti, represents a rich and enduring intellectual tradition within Buddhism. Their work on pramāṇa and hetu-vidya has provided a robust framework for understanding valid cognition and logical reasoning. This tradition continues to inform and inspire contemporary Buddhist thought, reflecting the enduring legacy of these pioneering scholars. Through their contributions, Buddhist reasoning remains a vital and dynamic field of study, bridging ancient insights with modern philosophical inquiries.

    References

    1. Gillon, Brendan S. (2009). "The Four-Fold Negation: A Buddhist Logical Paradox." Journal of Indian Philosophy.
    2. Hayes, Richard P. (1988). "Dignāga on the Interpretation of Signs." Studies of Classical India.
    3. Matilal, B.K. (1986). "Perception: An Essay on Classical Indian Theories of Knowledge." Oxford University Press.
    4. Tillemans, Tom J. F. (1999). "Scripture, Logic, Language: Essays on Dharmakīrti and His Tibetan Successors." Wisdom Publications.
    5. Dreyfus, Georges B.J. (1997). "Recognizing Reality: Dharmakīrti's Philosophy and Its Tibetan Interpretations." SUNY Press.
    6. Franco, Eli (1997). "Dharmakīrti on Compassion and Rebirth." Wien: Sammlung De Nobili.
    7. Arnold, Dan (2005). "Buddhists, Brahmins, and Belief: Epistemology in South Asian Philosophy of Religion." Columbia University Press.
    8. Dunne, John D. (2004). "Foundations of Dharmakīrti's Philosophy." Wisdom Publications.
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    What is SOMU?

    SOMU stands for a theoretical idea in artificial intelligence that envisions a system (like a robot or computer) that can understand and adapt to its environment all on its own, without needing specific instructions for every new situation. This is similar to how you might learn to adapt to a new school or figure out a puzzle on your own.

    How Does SOMU Work?

    SOMU suggests that a smart system can be designed with a kind of universal code that makes it possible to handle any kind of data or situation. Here’s a breakdown of the main parts of SOMU:

    1. Fractal Tape: Think of this as the brain of the system, made up of many cells. Each cell on this tape can perform three key tasks:

      • Feedback (S): It can receive and use feedback from all other cells. This is like having a group project where every team member knows what the others are doing and can adjust their own work accordingly.
      • Transformation (R): It can exist in multiple states at once. Imagine if you could be in your classroom, the playground, and at home all at the same time, learning different things in each place.
      • Bonding (T): It can connect and interact with any other cell, regardless of where they are in the network. This is like being able to talk and work with anyone in your school, not just your close friends.

    2. Rejecting Traditional Computing: In traditional computing, like with Turing machines (the basic model for computers), data and operations are quite defined and limited. SOMU rejects this limitation and embraces a more flexible, undefined way of processing information.

    3. Space-Time-Topology-Prime (STtp): This is a fancy term for describing how SOMU handles information. It considers:

      • Space and Time: The physical dimensions and timing of events.
      • Topology: The study of shapes and their properties that are preserved through stretching or bending (not breaking or tearing).
      • Prime Numbers: Using these numbers, which are only divisible by one and themselves, to recognize and categorize unique patterns in data.

    4. Polyatomic Time Crystals (PTC): These are like 3D structures in SOMU that help understand and predict patterns in nature. Imagine if you had a 3D model of a weather system that could help you predict every rainstorm.

    5. Multinion Tensors: These are advanced mathematical tools in SOMU that range in size and complexity and help the system understand a huge variety of situations and phenomena in the universe.

    Why Is SOMU Important?

    SOMU proposes a different way of looking at intelligence in machines, suggesting that a system could potentially think and understand the world in ways similar to humans but on a potentially larger, more complex scale. It’s about creating a system that doesn’t just follow instructions but learns and adapts independently, breaking down the complex processes of the universe into understandable patterns.

    So, SOMU is an advanced and ambitious theory that tries to mimic human consciousness and the universe's complexity within a machine, helping it to learn from and adapt to its surroundings in an incredibly sophisticated way.

     

    What is the connection to numbers?

    Hindu number system exhibits triplet of triplet patterns for distribution of primes in integer space. Since SOMU uses 12 dimensions, 108 elements (12 multiplied 9) are able to model almost all the variations in the Cosmos. 

     

    What is the connection to Kala Chakra?

    Hindu cosmology depicts time as a cyclical concept. Interesting SOMU's dimensions seem to be modeled after this as you can see from the dimensions listed below.

    Progression through Dimensions:

    1. 1D to 3D (Spatial Dimensions):

      • 1D represents length.
      • 2D represents area.
      • 3D represents volume.

    2. 4D to 6D (Temporal Dimensions):

      • 4D represents the concept of a time crystal, where structures in time behave like crystals in space.
      • 5D is a singularity chain, possibly referring to a series of singularities linked through time.
      • 6D involves loops of world lines, suggesting a complex intertwining of timelines or paths in the universe.

    3. 7D to 9D (Morphogenetic Dimensions):

      • 7D is a morphogenesis loop, indicating a cycle of development or evolution in a higher dimensional space.
      • 8D has an undefined boundary as infinity, suggesting a dimension that extends beyond finite comprehension.
      • 9D represents an invariant, which is a property or quantity that remains unchanged under certain transformations.

    4. 10D to 12D (Prime-related Dimensions):

      • 10D is called a symmetry temple, potentially a structure representing symmetrical properties in a high-dimensional space.
      • 11D involves normalization, adjusting dimensions to a standard or typical value.
      • 12D is the density of primes, relating to how prime numbers are distributed in this high-dimensional setting.

    Why is this striking?

    Ramanujan described the insights he got on the number as blessings from "amma" He also said something like "numbers are key to understand the consciousness".  It is wonderful that India which is mother of mathematics is now making progress in this new theory of consciousness. 

     

    Where is more information on this?

    Please refer to paper titled Revisiting self-operating mathematical universe (SOMU) as a theory for Artificial General Intelligence, AGI and G+ consciousness. Link provided below.

     

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378813666_Revisiting_Self-Operating_Mathematical_Universe_SOMU_as_a_Theory_for_Artificial_General_Intelligence_AGI_and_G_Consciousness

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